What is RoHS?
RoHS is “Restriction Of Hazardous
Substances”.
What is SOC?
SOC is “Substance Of Concern”.
The restricted substances are : Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury
(Hg), Hexavalent chrome (Cr6+). PBB and PBDE are also considered as
restricted substances.
Following
limits are allowed:
|
Substance
|
Limits in PPM
|
|
Lead (Pb)
|
1000
|
|
Cadmium (Cd)
|
100
|
|
Mercury (Hg)
|
1000
|
|
Hexavalent chrome
(Cr6+)
|
1000
|
|
PBB
|
1000
|
|
PBDE
|
1000
|
These substances were banned in Japan, Europe way back in
2007/2008 with exemptions in some substances due to limitations. Below images are from Google.
Steps to take to confirm if the parts are containing SOC /
ROHS.
- - List out all material BOM used in product / component.
- - Test from external laboratory and confirm the PPM or % of SOC / RoHS content.
- - If content is greater than specified requirement, takeup with supplier and ask to RoHS free / Leadfree components.
- - On developing the parts / components, check once again and confirm the contents.
-
RoHS content is checked periodically, usually
once a year.
-
Normally, exporting components / products out of
country need to fulfil the requirements of respective country.
-
ELV (End of Life Vehicle) and REACH
(Restriction, Evaluation, Authorisation & Restriction of Chemicals) is
followed in some countries, namely in Europe.
ELV :
Image from Google
|
Substance
|
Property
|
Environmental Effect
|
Effect
on Health
|
Automotive
Examples
|
|
Lead
|
1)Heavy, soft metal, with a bluish metallic
look.
2)Highly toxic substance. 3)Indestructible and
non-biodegradable
|
1)Poor disposal method of substance containing lead.
2)Lead in fuels after burn causes air pollution
|
1)Rise in blood pressure.
2)Kidney damage. 3)Disorder of nervous systems. |
1)Battery
2)PVC, Rubber
3)Plastic parts
4)Grease
5) Sealants
|
|
Cadmium
|
1)Heavy Metal
2)It is soft
and silvery colour
|
1)Poor waste disposal methods and leaks at hazardous
waste sites.
2)Its particles enter air when we burn coal for
energy and household waste.
|
1)If we consume food contaminated with cadmium it
can irritate our digestive system and cause vomiting
and
diarrhea.
2)If inhaled it can damage our lungs, kidneys and
bone
disease.
|
1)Motor brush
2)Relay / switches
contact points
3)Plastic
parts
|
|
Mercury
|
1) Heavy silvery toxic metallic element.
The only metal that is liquid at ordinary
temperatures.
|
1)Power plants, industrial boilers and incinerators
are the sources of airborne mercury emissions.
2)Mercury in vaporize form enters air when old
vehicles are burnt.
|
1)Mercury is highly toxic to the nervous systems.
2)Accumulates in tissues of fish and other organisms
through mercury-contaminated waters, including humans.
3)Fishing-eating animals may suffer premature death,
weight loss and others.
|
1) Fluorescent lamps
|
|
Hexavalent Chromium
|
1)It is used in various industrial processes.
(plating, leatherworking, paper manufacturing and dying)
2)Chromium is used during manufacturing of steel,
leather and textile manufacturing.
|
1)Through coal combustion, chromium will enter air
and through waste disposal chromium will end up in soils.
|
1)Chromium
can alter genetic materials and cause cancer.
2)Plants
when they absorb chromium concentrations will die after certain limits.
|
1)Nut/bolt
2)Anti-corrosion surface treatment
|
If you have any queries with respect this article, please
mail: qualitykatta@gmail.com
Thanks for sharing.
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